Method of evaporating solutions.



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S. M. LILLB; METHOD or E VAPOBATING SOLUTIONS. AlzPLIGL'XOH HLBD APB.20, U07.

Patented Feb. 21,1

n-Ven tor'.

71M ML Giroux,

Y'215- concentrated.

BAUEL HOBIS LILLIE, 025! PHIIADELPHI, PENNSYLVANIA. v

' urrHoD or nvaronarmo soLnrzoNs.

. cessez.A

Specification o! Letters Patent.

rammedV Feb. 21, 1911.

application :nea Apro 2o, 19a?. serial no. seems.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL Monnis Ln.- Y un of the city and county ofPhiladelphia fau 'State of Pennsylvania, have invented li an Improvementin Methods of Evaporating Solution of which the following is aspecifcation. 'y

Mynvention has reference to a method fonevaporating solutions vandconsists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in thefollowing specification andv -shown in the accompanying drawings which'form a part thereof. .4 The object of :5y invention is to utilize 1.6the hot waste gases or products of combustion from furnaces'of boilersand other apparatus'fcr prodm'inge-preliminary heating of the fluid tobe evaporated prior to its final treatment in a multiple efl'ect orother evap- I 29 orat'in or-concentrating-apparatus, whereby the ca oricof said waste gases or products of combustion or matters held insuspension or in gaseous form 'may be extracted and absorbed into thesolution to be evaporated or My invention comprehends a methodoftreating 'the liquor in which it is caused to .shower or spray throughhot gases or products of combustion from the furnace of a' 30 boiler brother apparatus and become heated by 1 direct contact. with them, andsubsequently treating the said heated liquor to evaporation by indirectheating.

My method further makes use of the said hot gases. or products ocombustion to further heat the aforesaid directly heated liquor byindirect heating as in the first stage in the subsequent evaporation orconcentration. y

40 My invention gfurther consists of the utilization of the sprayedliquor upon hot gases chargedwitb matters in suspension or'in v gaseousform to extract. the said matters and also the heat, hand subsequentlysubjecting fthe charged solution so produced to further heating or toconcentration in a multiple effeet. evaporating apparatus.

My-invention may be employed in an apparatus comprising a vertical fluethrough which the/hot gases or products of combustion are caused to passupwardly, combined with means for causing a downwardly traveling sprayof fluid (through the 'said flue) whibe evaporated, and an evaporatinapparatelrlfor subjecting the directly heated 4 liquor -.to rn indirectfurther heating or evaporation by the same hot gases or products ofcombustion.-

My invention also comprehendsspecific operations which, together withthe features above set forth, will be better understood by reference tothe drawings, in which is shown i apparatus. more or lessdiagrammatically, partly in section and partly in elevation,

adapted for carrying out the method embodying my invention. f

A represents an apparatus, such. as a steam boiler, from which hotgases'and products of combustion are secured, said gases and productspassing through flue B, thence through the cvaporating tubes N of anevaporator C, then into a chamber D and 'from which they pass upwardlthrough the flue E to the atmosphere. I desired a forced draft may bemaintained by an exhaust fan F at the upper end of the Vtlue E, which,fan may discharge into the atmosphere. The boiler or other apparatus Ais provided with any of the usual furnaces or means for producing hotwaste products of combustion or gases of any description. 'Theevaporator C consists of a chamber having a series of @vapor-ating tubesN over which the liquor to be evaporated is caused to pass in spray orstreams. Said liquors may be supplier. by a feed pipe L to a perforatedpan M within the chamber and above the tube N; The hot vapors pass ofi'at the top of the chamberb),r pipe S and the liquor may be drawn offfrom the bottom circuitous passage is provided for the, up-

ward passage of the hot gases and products of combustion as indicated bythe. arrows, and the liquor to be evaporated or condensed is caused toflow downward in a dense shower as indicated by the dotted lines. Suchliquor as is not vaporized passes into the well J at bottom of the flueE and is subsequently subjected to further treatment.

The exhauster F maybe of any suitable oon struction. By its use thespray of liquor in the. flue F. may be very denseV and a rapidcirculation of hot' gases and products of cmnbustion be maintainedthrough it. I a tall chimney is available it is possible t-odrspensewith the exhauster, but I prefer 1t 1n most cases. The cooled gasespassfrom theexhauster at G. a

In raddition to cvaporating the liquor by the evaporatorl C, furtherevaporation may bc carried on by the evaporatiug apparatus l 'which maybc a single. or multiple eifect apparatus as preferred. In theillustration I have shown diagrammatieally a quadruple effect, to whichthe hot liquor from the evaporator C is supplied by pipe O to the firsteffect of the series and after concentration, is delivered by pipe Rfrom the last effect. The vapors pass from effect to effeet in the usualmanner and the vapors from the last effectof the series are condensed bythe condenser Q.

From an examination of the arrangement of the parts of the apparatus asa whole it is evident that the evaporating apparatus C may be consideredas the first effect of the entire evaporating apparatus though theheating is .not done by condensation of steam as in the ordinarymultiple effect apparatus.

It will be observed that the first heating and evaporation of the liquorinthe 'flue E 'is by'dn'ect contact with the heating medium, andsubsequent heating' and concentration by indirect heating. first byfines heated by hot noncondensablc gases and products of combustion and`tinally by in.

direct heating by hot condensable vapors such as steam.

The ordinary utilization of my invention in heating and evaporatingwaterand for concentrating Ysolutions will be apparent from the foregoingexplanations. I will, however, state a. specific use of my `invention inwhich not. 'only heating` and evaporation with concentration takes placebut' this way placed in a condition by which it may be removed byfiltration. The liquor is then pumped by pump K through the filterWanddeYered bv pipe L to the evapo- `ratorand subsequently passes bypipe O' to 'fthe multiple eect evaporating apparatus I in' which itlisconcentrated. The liquor lsfpeie :t1-onus ixsitgnfitav matters afterpass- Aiup,r throughithe filter so lthat not only is the.

liquorin fine condition f orconcentration but scale producing substancesare kept out of the evaporating apparatus." This example of the use ofmyinvention shows that -not only may it be employed for evapora-` Atienand also concentration, but also for elimination of suspended mattersand matters in gaseous form, the latter being through the chemicalaflinity between the gases in the liquor and the gases in the heating,rmedium. Various other uses for my .invention in the industrial arts willbe apparent to those skilled in such arts,

Primarily, my invention has 'utility in economy in that waste heat. isutilized as the means for raising' the liquor to be copcentrated to aluga degree of temperature before the final' concentration 1n steamheated single or nudtiple effect apparatus;

further. by this apparatus I am enabled to dispense entirely with thenecessity of an external source of steam. Secondly. my" apparatus may heemployed for washing hot gases of products held in suspension or ingaseous form and subsequently concentrating the said washing solutionfor obtaining the matter so extracted. There are many uses for myimproved apparatus and hence I do not restrict myself to any specialapplication of vmy invention, the application being` merely a secondarymatter.

It is evident that. if desired. the liquor in the. evaporator or heaterC may be maintained above the level ofthetubes; so as to be in directcontact therewith instead of allowing it to flow over the, tubes ashereiubefore described.

The apparatus shown is only intelidedas anillnstratiou of thecombination of' elements making up a structure adapted for'- the propercarrying out of my improved method of heating: and evaporaringr, and forutilizingr the products of combustion from boilers and the like forheating and treating a liquid. and for concentrating.: the same byevaporation, and I do not confine or restrict myself to the detailsthereof.

I do not claimvthe apparatus herein described in this` applicationspecifically. as the same forms subject matter of a divisionalapplication, Serial No. 595,790, o'f 1907. i

Having nou' described my invention.\vhat I claim as new and desirdl tosecure by Letters Patent, iszi. The method of heatingr and evaporatfingr a liquid which consists of first spraying the liquid in adownwardly#descending stream. heating the descending liquid by an upwardcurrent of hot gases of combustion' with-which theliquid is broughtinto'direfct contact. miiecting the heated sprayed 'liquid, transferringthe heatedliquid. to a sep- .arate receptacle, and then evaporating theescasa 1 4 y 3 liquid under partialvacuum by subecting it to the actionof a multiple effect evaporating apparatus. y 2. The method othcatingand evaporating a liquid which consists in causing the liquid to fall inspray form; heating the sprayed li uid to a high degree b direct contactwit i het gases from a. suitb e source passing upward through thesprayed liquid, collecting the' heated liquid and transferring it to aseparate vessel and subjecting it in the said vessel to indirectlieatingby the gases from the same source ofthe hot gases. "3. The method oftransferring heat to a .Y liquid for evaporating it .which consists inp. spraying the liquid in a downward shower, passing hot crude rcductsof combustion Yu' Ward throu h` t e shower of sprayed l1 uid and heatingit by direct contact there- Zorrith, collecting the sprayed and heatedjtiquor, transforming the collectedheated (liquor into spray for asecond time, andrecexving the sprayed liquor thus provided upon tubeswhich are heated hyzthe products of' combustion relim'inai'y to theirpassing. upward througli the first mentioned shower of sprayed liquor,whereby the liquor is lirst directly heated by the current of productsof combustion and then indirectly heated by l the same current ofproducts of combustion.

4. The method of heating liquid which consists in spraying the liquid,passing hot ases through the sprayed liquid to heat it v direct contact,maintaining a circulation V of the hot gases by a forced draft,collecting the heated liquid and then passing the heated liquid in asubdivided condition over metal `surfaces maintained at a hightemperature by the hot gases before they pass 40 to the sprayedliquid.

5. The method of heating and evaporating liquid which consists inspraying the liquid,

passing hot gases through the sprayed liquid to heat; it b v directcontact", and then passing the heated liquid over metal surfacesmaintained at a high temperature by the hot gases before they pass tothc sprayed liquid,

' utilizing the hot vapors.' so produced to supply heat to a multipleeffect evaporating ap paratus. and treating the liquid in its heatedcondition to further evaporation in the mul- 'tiple eil'ect apparatus.

6. The method of tui-,ating gases for extraction of matters containedtherein which 'consists in passing hot gases containing mutters insuspension through a descending spray of liquid, transferring to'theliquid e suspended matter from the gases, collooting the liquid sprayedand matters cond0 tained therein, and indirectly heating the v collectedliquid by the hot gases before being subjected to the liquid spray. i 7.The method of treating for extraction of matter contained therein whichi! canada in passing tbe. gases in a hot condition through a spray ofliquid to cool the gases and extract matter contained therein,

,and finally evaporating Vthe charged liquid by suhyectin it tosuccessive eva porators in a multiple e ect apparatus receiving its heatfrom the hot ses.

8. The inetuod of treating liquidswith gases which consists in passinghot gases of combustion in their natural state containing xnattersinsuspension through a spray of liquid and thereby simultaneously heatingthe liquid and' 'transferring the suspended matter to the liquid,collecting the liquid spray, and passing the collected liquid t rough aliltering device for filtering out the matters held in suspension hy theliquid.

9.` The method of treating liquids with gases which consists inpassinghot gases containing matters in suspension through a spray of liquid andthereby simultaneously heating the liquid and transferring the suspendedmatter to the liquid, collecting the liquid spray. passing the collectedliquid through a filtering device for filtering out the matters held insuspension by the liquid, and subsequently evaporating and concenvtrating the liquid by the heat from the hot gases employed forheatin thespray of liquid before said 'vases reac the spray.

l). The method of heating and evaporating a liquid which consists incausing the liquid to fall in` spray form, heating the sprayed liquid toa high degree by direct contactwith current of hot gases passing.npward'through the apra ed liquid, collect- 109 ing the heated liquidan .'transferring it to a separate vessel and Vsubjecting it in the saidvessel in sprayed form to indirect heating by the same current of hotgases.

11. The herein described method of'treat- 105 ing liquids which consistsVin spraying a liquid in a downward direction, passing hot products of`combustion upwardly through the sprayed liquor and thereby transferringthe heat of the products of combustion to the liquor, collecting thesprayed liquor in its heated condition, heating an evaporator hy tl hotproducts of combustion before they act upon the sprayed liquor,supplying the collected liquor to .tjie evaporating :ipparatus wherebyit may bc further heated to provide a hot vapor, and transferring thehot vapor so produced to a multiple ctl'ect evaporating apparatus andemploying said hot vapor as thc heatingr medium therein.

12. The herein described method of treating liquids which consists inspraying a liquid in a downward direction, passing hot products nfcombustion upwardly through the sprayed liquor and thereby transferringthe heat of the products of combustion to the liquor, collecting thesprayed liquor in itsheated condition, heating.r atrevaporator by thehot products of combustion 'before they [het upon the sprayed liquor,supplying the i collected liquor io the ei'aporatng appr v ratos-wherebyit may be further heated to provide a hot vapor, transferring the hot'vapor as the heating;`

vapor so produced to a multiple ilcct evaporating apparatus andemploying said hot medlm therein, and also'simultaneously clrcnlatinfrthe unva porized liquor to the. multiple eiect evaporat- .ing apparatuswhereby it may be evaporated and concentrated. 1

13. The herein described method for treat-A 'in'gliquid which consistsin heating the liquid by 'hot products of'combustion and liquid,vsupplying the not liquid to n multiple effect evaporating apparatus inwhich it is concentrated, :md sinmltunecusly therewith supplying the botvapors to the mui tiple eiect apparatus as the healing medium thereof,whereby the concentration of the i liquid is performed its ownlzotvapors.

In testimony of which invention I have hereunto eet my hand.V l l S.MORRS LILLlE.

litne'ssesr I R. M. Htm'rrn,

l. M.; KELLY.

